What site templates are available using Office 365?

Well there is a special set of site templates that are available using Office 365:

Team Site
Blank Site
Document Workspace
Basic Meeting Workspace
Blank Meeting Workspace
Decision Meeting Workspace
Social Meeting Workspace
Multipage Meeting Workspace
Blog
Group Work Site
Asset Web Database
Charitable Contribution Web
Contact Web Database
Issues Web Database
Project Web Database
Document Center
Personalization Site
Basic Search Center
Visio Process Repository
Express Team Site (only Office 365)

Using SharePoint 2010 Enterprise Edition as a comparison you would have also these site templates:

Records Center
PowerPivot Site
Business Intelligence Center
Publishing Site
Publishing Site with Workflow
Enterprise Search Center
Enterprise Wiki
FAST Search Center